Is Hilary
Clinton running for president?
And is New
Jersey Gov. Chris Christie headed in the same direction?
Do Affordable
Care Act issues give Republicans a strong position in the 2014 elections?
Is the
three-way race for Maine governor heating up a year in advance?
All these
questions point to the United States having probably the longest political campaigns
of any established democracy in the world.
President
Obama has more than three years remaining is his term, but the political media
is already honed in on how Hilary is doing with African-American voters and
Chris’ tight-wire act over a potentially hostile GOP right wing.
Next year,
there will be congressional races in which almost all incumbents will be
re-elected, thanks to the way their districts are gerrymandered. But the media wants us to focus on both
possible disaster and opportunity for either party to control the Congress
taking office in 2015.
To be sure,
almost every vote or statement by a politician is done with an eye to the next
election. In a country where democracy
is expressed through elected representatives of the people, it’s not surprising
that candidates continually play to the voters.
The trouble
is that political posturing during long campaigns can take the place of
governing. If everybody takes positions
based on what they think will please most voters, their conflicting views can
amount to posturing that leads to government paralysis.
Even in
polarized Washington, members of Congress can occasionally agree on some national
issues. But, unless there is a rare,
clear message from the voters, almost nothing happens in the long run-up to the
election.
For example,
for the first time in many years, a renewed national farm policy cannot pass.
The Democrats want to continue including both
price supports for farmers and food stamps for the less fortunate. The GOP wants to cut food stamps, but likes
price supports.
So the traditional
compromise on farm policy has become impossible, thanks to a bigger battle over
the proper role of government.
Both sides
agree on the need to resolve immigration policy. And they agree that the Democrats have
greater appeal to the growing bloc of Latino voters who care about this policy.
While GOP
members of the U.S. House of Representatives have fewer Latinos in their
districts than do Democrats, they have an eye on the presidential election in
2016. While they seem to oppose a
comprehensive policy, they may concede a few changes to the law.
In both
cases, it’s likely that the country would be better served by the adoption of
full-scale agriculture and immigration policies, based on compromise between
the two parties. In the long prelude to
elections, that’s unlikely.
In Canada and
in Europe, campaigns have been a matter of weeks not years. Of course, there’s political posturing there,
but governments can function closer to normal nearer to elections.
Before we try
to figure out how to copy them, we had better recognize that foreign
politicians are on the way to copying us.
American political consultants now enjoy a world market, and they guide
their clients to start early in trying to manipulate public opinion.
Is there
nothing that can be done about the transformation of the American political
system into a permanent political campaign?
The best
option would be for office holders to demonstrate leadership rather than trying
to cater to what their polls tell them about public opinion.
Leading in
this way may decrease the chances of being re-elected. Too often, holding onto office becomes an end
in itself. Real term limits could free
politicians to focus more on policy and less politics.
It’s not all the
fault of politicians. Television “news”
programs are also responsible for the continuous campaigns.
Serious
coverage of public issues used to be financed by the profits from popular game
and reality shows. But networks have cut
back on coverage and expect the news operation to be profitable, so the ongoing
political saga has become the new game show.
Television
pundits have spent more time handicapping the effect of the Obamacare sign-up
snafu on next year’s elections than they ever did in explaining the program.
The television
outlets think more people will follow public affairs in the off-season if it
looks like a sport or a game. And they
offer full employment for pundits, whose opinions now pass for facts.
Without help in understanding the issues, we are left with politicians and television catering to our prejudices, but not our concerns. We face the prospect of ever longer campaigns with little real content.