America against itself

 

America against itself

Can the experiment work?

 

Gordon L. Weil

The November congressional elections are widely seen as a referendum on President Trump. 

Will a divided country approve his presidency or try to restrain his actions during his last two years in office.   The choice may turn out to be about the kind of government Americans now want.

In his first Inaugural Address, George Washington said that “the preservation of the sacred fire of liberty, and the destiny of the Republican model of Government, are justly considered as deeply, perhaps as finally, staked on the experiment entrusted to the hands of the American people.”

The age of reason had led to the creation of a republican form of government with power ultimately in the hands of the people.  Breaking with centuries of royal rule, the American system was an “experiment.” 

Ancient thinkers had argued that government by the people would fail.  It could be subverted by a public whose interests and values turned elsewhere, poor leadership, decadence and foreign enemies.

But Americans gradually gained confidence that the experiment could succeed, though two events – the Civil War and the Great Depression – forced restarts in the process.  For almost a century, American history has moved slowly toward making the experiment successful and the model for the world.

In the past 33 years, five presidents have each produced an historic achievement that was evidence of the nation’s continual, if unsteady, progress.

President Bill Clinton led the nation into a period of domestic prosperity and Pax Americana, the maintenance of global peace under its influence, to a post World War II high point. 

President George W. Bush undertook educational reform, expanded Medicare by adding prescription coverage, and made the U.S. the world’s leader in fighting AIDS, a disease that threatened millions.

President Barack Obama symbolized equality and led the creation of a national health insurance program – the Affordable Care Act – that opened medical care to millions who previously could gain only emergency room attention. 

President Donald Trump, faced with a stunning worldwide pandemic, took swift and bold action to encourage the rapid development of Covid vaccines, providing both reassurance and recovery to millions. 

President Joe Biden developed a massive public works program to reverse the downward course of the economy resulting from the Covid pandemic and initiated the largest U.S. effort ever to slow environmental degradation.

None of these presidents was immune from controversy or error, but the system worked to produce progress.

Despite this halting progress, an increasing number of people have come to believe that the government was not working for them.  The representative form of government did not yield an economy in which they could prosper or health care that provided adequate protection.  They see a government responsive to special interests and not to them.

Faith in the American experiment faltered.  Perhaps a strong leader, brushing aside the checks and balances inherent in that experiment, might be better able to produce results.  Donald Trump promised that he could, and a majority of voters accepted those promises.

In the first year of his second term, Trump reversed or drastically reduced virtually all the major accomplishments of recent presidents.  Their aspirations and the normal processes of the America government were replaced by the will of a single person, relying on a single election victory.  The institutions of the federal government yielded to authoritarian innovation.

Democrats, opposing this change, seek to recover their role, presumably believing that they can restore confidence in the American system, because Trump is an aberration, benefitting from frustration that their party can overcome. 

Liberals are convinced their analysis is correct, and the country will come to its senses and return to constitutional traditions.  They fail to understand that MAGA believers are similarly convinced that their view is correct, have written off the experiment and prefer authoritarian rule.

Neither side shows confidence that they represent a strong majority of the people.  The Democrats are split between moderates who believe the country can be put back on track and progressives who want to move the track.  Failure to reconcile this major difference could undermine their chances of regaining power.

The Republican Party is dead, replaced by MAGA partisans, Republicans in name only, who reject the party’s traditional positions on the environment, the economy and public spending.  This GOP tinkers with voter access, trying to cling to office. 

It would be reasonable to conclude that “it must get worse, before it gets better.”  At that point, the people would decide if the experiment can be pursued or if the country reverts to authoritarianism, the historic default.  The alternative to both is chaos.

By imposing his values, cancelling programs, closing agencies, and taking the nation to war, Trump makes his case for ending the experiment.   He may force voters to make their choice on the ballot in November.

The best Ameriann president -- wealthy, famous

 

Gordon L.Weil

One president changed everything.

Among the wealthiest people in the country, he had come to the presidency after having achieved a national reputation and gained broad name recognition.  He owned profitable economic entities and even said he did not want to keep his presidential salary.

He was elected with a clear majority of both the popular vote and the electoral vote.  He was his own political party.   He was so popular that many supporters asked him to serve a third term as president.  He was widely honored, and many public places carried his name.

He believed in a strong presidency.  His Supreme Court appointees would back his views on the powers of the presidency.  He respected the powers of the Congress, but he sought to draw clear lines between the executive and legislative branches, defining the checks and balances between the two.

He understood that his presidency gave him the opportunity to overhaul the federal government from what he regarded as institutional weakness that had left it unable to deal with issues of the day.  He believed he had been given a special responsibility for this task, setting the government  on a new course.

He asserted his exclusive right to control foreign policy and there would be no doubt about his full authority as commander in chief.  He also sought to ensure that the states would not prevent the federal government from carrying out what he saw as its broad responsibilities.  He issued executive orders and vetoes.

Though not an elegant writer, he used the media to convey his views widely.  He wanted to communicate directly with the people without being filtered by others.

Though some might see this as a description of Donald Trump, it applies to another president. His name was George Washington.

The description above might fit Trump, but there’s one big difference.  Washington’s approach to governing was centered on his commitment to creating and leading institutions that served public needs and hopes.  Trump’s agenda is purely personal, and his approach reflects his will to impose his own beliefs and values on the country.

This week the U.S. celebrates his birthday.  The holiday remains officially “Washington’s Birthday,” though commerce has turned it into Presidents Day.  Each year on the occasion, I write about the person whom I consider to be the greatest American president. 

Washington’s most comprehensive statement on the federal government came in his Farewell Address, issued when he announced he would not seek a third term.  In effect, his statement was his political will to his country.   Viewed today, some of it is outdated, while public policy must now address some situations that he did not contemplate.

Much of the Address is devoted to an attack on the emerging political parties.  While he invited debate and wanted to learn from it, he argued that political parties would exist for their own purposes, sacrificing the national interest.  In modern terms, he opposed both parties and partisanship.

On parties, he wrote: “They are likely, in the course of time and things, to become potent engines, by which cunning, ambitious and unprincipled men will be enabled to subvert the Power of the People, & to usurp for themselves the reins of Government….” 

On partisanship, he noted: “It serves always to distract the Public Councils and enfeeble the Public Administration. It agitates the Community with ill founded jealousies and false alarms, kindles the animosity of one part against another, foments occasionally riot & insurrection.” 

Though he favored a strong president, he insisted on the separation of powers.  He warned those entrusted with governing “to confine themselves within their respective Constitutional spheres, avoiding in the exercise of the Powers of one department to encroach upon another. The spirit of encroachment tends to consolidate the powers of all the departments in one, and thus to create whatever the form of government, a real despotism.”

Not only did he discuss the federal government, but he confronted a practical political issue.  He declared, “there must be Revenue—that to have Revenue there must be taxes—that no taxes can be devised which are not more or less inconvenient & unpleasant.”  In his view, government must gain public acceptance of taxes to meet public needs, not merely cut them.

Often seen as only a two-dimensional historic figure, he was a man of great political skill and foresight.  King George III, his adversary, was reported to have said that he could be “the greatest man in the world” for declining a third term.

His Address showed his foresight and was directed to other citizens, people he regarded as his equals.  He would soon return to their ranks.  He wrote that he had tried to avoid making mistakes, but he was modestly aware of “the inferiority of my qualifications.”  This self-awareness is missed today.